è?±?óD×?×??o?àì?μ??t??ì????￡è?±?ìì?êμ?è¨ít￡??ú?÷????D?oó￡?2?ê??÷è?·′???ó???￡è?±??×?úá?·a?¨?üê?????**￡??ú?÷·??ü′ú?t??ó?è?±?1ìóDìì?ê???à?áo?μ??ù′?é?￡??¨3éè?±?ì?óDμ?**?y?÷?tì??￡??è?ìì?êê?′ó?y￡?′ó?yμ???×óóD2?￡???ê??e??è¨ítμ?×÷ó??￡
ìì?ê????ê?ò?ê×?à?aê×μ??ú?ó?￡è?±?μ??ú?ó￡?ó????ü1ú?ò￡?ó?2?ò??ù?￡è?±??ú?ó1??¨￡o??óD??è????ü/o￡?ü?üè?￡?2??üμ￡è????ü/o￡?ü′ó3??￡?a?ùò?à′￡??í??′óμ??ó??á?￡??ü?ó?úè?±??t2?é?μ?·￠??è¨?￡?ü2?è?1?2??úòa?3ò??ú?ó￡??ò?ú?óμ??3ò????¨￡???/o￡?à?í?á′??°?￡è?oó￡?3ù3ù2?í?3??óè?è????￡óúê?￡????ú?ó?í??o???ì¨?￡
??è?￡?è?±??ü2??ú?aê±oò￡?è¨á|oü′ó￡?è′2??ü1?ó?oóà′?à±è?￡???ü3?éíμ??aà?é??óóD??￡?????×?DD?ˉμ?·?′??￡?úé??ó?àoó￡?è?±??ü?ó?í?aê??°×?óéDD?ˉ?±á??￡′ó???aè?±?oóà′μ??2??￡?????á????ù?￡
?úè?±?μ??ü?óà?￡?ò??±′??ú×?o￡???à?ù￡???êμò2ê?è?±?μ?1ú2????ù?￡?e3?ê?o￡?ü??é?·?￡?±??1è?±?ê???μo1ú?￡?ú1913?ê?°oó￡?·￠éúá?ò??eè?o￡?ü?÷1ü?ì?￠μ?1ù?±êü??μ??°?÷??×ó?±ê??t?￡′?oó￡?è?±????ü±??￥?￥??á?é?·??￡μ??°9??18?±ê?±?oó￡?ì??D?ú?ó??ì¨￡?è?±????ü?e2??÷?×á?è?±?￡?ò??±μ???°ü?￡
′?ê±′??ì￡?è?±??ú?ó?1ê??ü1????¨è?±?μ??t2?μ??￡×?′ó?°?????±???ù?aê?￡?è?±??ú?ó?í°?×￠òaá|óé?í?T?1×a?òá??D1ú￡¨óéóúáaê?′óá?μ?á?ê3oí?ü?eê?è??í?T?1￡?′ó??í?3ùá??í1úμ????ü￡??ò°???ê??????ü?ˉ??3éá????t?????ü?ˉ?￡?ùò?￡?è?±????ú?1?ú?ù??ê?·?3?±??í?T?1￡?￡??ù??μ?òéìaoü?ìóé?°ê?·?3?±??í?T?1?±￡?±?3é?°ê?·??§3?±±???t???±￡?é??á?°ê?·?3?±??D1ú?±￡?2￠??ò?2?×a±?3é?°è?o?è·±￡è?±??ú?ú?Tμ?à?ò??±￡????°?y?úì????°è?o?ó|????°2??ê?±??ˉ?±?￡
??1üè?±??ú?ó2???μ??óò?ì???￡?è′ê?????óDò????÷è·μ??á???￡?aò22??ü?e1?è?±??ú?óD§?êμí??￡?êμ?úê?êà??±??ˉì??ì?￡???ò￡??aD??êìa￡?1é?ùμ?μ×￡??íê?ò????êìa￡?è?±?μ?1ú2??êìa????è?±?μ?μ×ê?2éè?′ó???t2?￡o?????D1ú￡??1ê?2éè?o￡?ó?t2?￡o?ò???????￠ì????óà????￡?a?ùμ??êìa￡?×?è?2??á?áò×óDò????á???￡?í?úè?±??ú?ó?ù??2?DYμ?ê±oò￡?è???ò?μ??üμ?·￠??á?1ú?ú￡??ì?Yμ?ê§éù??oó￡?á￠?ì?ó1?ììμ?óí1?à?μ1??á?ò?í?á1???￡
9??27è?????15￡o00￡?è?±??ú?ó?ù′??ù?aá??áòé￡?òéìa?íê?è???ò?μ??üμ??￡
ê×?è?μ?°μ?ê?o￡?ü′ó3?é?ì????t￡?é?ì???×ó°?D???×3￡??Tè|íè′?2±×ó￡?ê???oü±ê×?μ?è?±?è?￡?μ??ú?÷?ˉ????μ?o￡?üà?è′ê???òìàà?￡é?ì??μμ??°￡?oüê?′??3￡??°ê2?′ê±oò?§??è?ò2?ò??′óè?±?μ?1ú??ê??-??á?￡??±
±?à′?íoüì??áé?ì?μ?ía?à±?ò°ò?àé￡?oü?á??é?ì?μ?′??3￡?à?à?μ???′eμà￡o?°?í?ú?????§μ?ò?D?ê±?ˉ??oó?￡?±
?°???§μ?ò?D?ê±?±￡???μ?ê??àμoo￡??￡?è?o￡?ü?ú??ò?D?ê±à??eê§o￡?ü9íò?à??￡??ùò?3????a?°???§μ?ò?D?ê±?±￡???ê?è?o￡?üD??Dóà??μ?í′?￡×?′?ò?oó￡?o￡?üò??±ì§2??eí·à′￡??±μ?oóà′￡?è?±?o￡?ü??áìá?μ?1ú?úì????óé?μ?Dí?à?3??μ?￡?o￡?üμ?′|?3·?o?ò?μ??ù?￡é?ì??ê?è·￠??￡?ò2ê??aá?í???o￡?üμ?μ????￡
é?ì?ìyμ?′???￡???μ?á???í¨oì￡?è?2?ê?ò???μ????à???1￡?é?ì???o?òa??é?è￥￡?oYoYμ?í′′ò±?ò°ò?àé?￡?′±?è?′?￡?×à×ó??ò2ê?ò??ó′ó?ò?￡
ê×?à???ú?yò??è??á?éù￡?ê?òa?÷??òa×???ò?μ??ù?￡
?àμooóé?ì¨μ?1y?éê×?à?-?′×êàú?3±?￡?oü?ì?í?ú?aà?é???óD?ó1???μ?2ù×Y??±??è′??°￡??-3ˉ?ê×ü???￠é???í·o???éú???ú?yò?2???é?ì¨×é?ó?￡
???ú°??°ìa×aè??y1ì￡????aê??ˉ?ê?÷??μ?òa???￡
ía?à±?ò°μ?·￠??￡?oüê??¤áò￡??°?ü?ú￡?è??D3?í?ò?à′￡??òò??-°Y·?1yó￠?￠·¨μè1úμ?ê1?ú￡??÷1úê1?ú??±íê?á??÷è·μ??§3??￡μ±è?￡??a???§3?￡??ú???°μ?êà??D?ê???￡??àêy???üê?ò????úí·μ??§3??￡?à1úμ?ì??è2?ê?oüo?￡?óéóú?D1úD?ê?μ?±??ˉ￡?è￥?êêˉ????′?àé??óD?ü1?ó??à1ú′?3éD-òé￡?è??à1??μè?′|óú?μ???×???￡??°2?ìó??à1ú1??μ?ü?D?￡ò?μ?·￠éú???ù￡?oü??±￡?¤?à·?μ?á￠3?￡??à°??á?§3??D1ú?￡μ?ê?￡??ò??ê?ó?ê?íòí?°?μ??ê?aoí?tê?òú1úà???à′μ??ú?T￡?????2??ü1?·??ú?￡ía??ê??áè?á|ò???￡???é?è??à1??μ?￡?-?-?±
o￡?àé?ì??ò?è2??°′yμ?òa?ó???D1ú?a??￡??°?-?-o￡?üò??-×?±?o?ò??D￡?2???à?′óá??±í§2??ó￡?ò2?D??á?é????¨μˉoíéù?é￡??éò?óDD§μ??????±í§?￡ò?μ??a??￡?o￡?üóD????°?????μ?ê¤à?￡??§???aD?íμ????￡?ê?2??é?ü?ù′?3é1|μ??-?-?±
???à′óμoμ??°è′óDD?á?è?òaía￡??°′óè?±??ê?üóDD?D???ê¤è?o?μDè??￡μ?ê?￡??ù?Y?鱨￡?1ú·à?üò??-?ˉ?±×é?¨á?ò?°ùíòò?é?μ?2??ó￡???ê??-1y?μá·μ??¤±?ò?è??±?￡?ò2?è??a￡????°ó?1ú·à?ü?a??￡?·?o?è?±?μ?à?ò??￡ò?μ??a??￡?è?±?Dèòaè?1ú×ü?ˉ?±￡??ˉ?D?ùóDá|á?￡?ò??ù′ò°üμDè??￡·??ò￡????ù?í?á???·??ò??ù￡??Yè?3¤?ú?ˉ￡????D1úμ????yáéà?￡??ì?ú?ú?áê????·￡???è?ê?2???êμμ??-?-?±
???ú?′á?′óμoò???￡?D???￡???′óμoê?2?ê?óDê2?′D??鱨?ˉ￡?????3t???üμ?ê?óD?à3¤?￡
?-?-
???ú×?oó×?á?×ü?á·￠??￡??°?÷??￡???ìì?ò???ú?aà??a?á￡?éí?o×?ìì?ê±Y??μ???íD￡?òa??è?ì?1ú???o?eè??￡?ò?????§???a??￡?2?ê?òò?aì??á??￡?ó??§???á??￡?ò22?ê?òò?aè??D?×é??￡ò??Dμ?ò??D￡???ê??aá?′óè?±?μ?1úμ?à?ò??￡?????y?ú??oóμ?·￠???D￡?2?òaíüá??aò?μ??ù?￡?±
??é¨á?è?3?ò???￡??ùóD?ú?ó3é?±??μí??í·￡?′óéùμà￡o?°ê?￡??±é?ì?3?á?ò?éíà?o1?￡
???ú?ìD??μ￡o?°?a?o?a±?￡?°ù??°ùê¤?￡?-?y3ˉμ?×êá?￡???????óD￡?òa??3tμ???×???μ?ò??D?￡?±??±?????á?ò???￡????-?y3ˉ￡?°2??°?2oè??-?-1895?ê??1ú￡??è?à?1???e?ò￡¨×￠￡oDDê?è??T1??é￡??-?-1900?êè?è?±??á?üD￡￡¨??￡o???Dè????·?￠3é?¨μ￥?￠í??§à?ê|????μ???ò?￡??à??￡o′ó?D1ú?÷ò???￡?￡?1905?ê??1ú￡??′è?°2??D??üí3áì?-?-?ˉ?￠?°μ±??êà??￡??÷·?êà??￡??Dè?ó?3?D?óúêà￡??￥μD?éo?￡?2??é￡?·?í???￡?±?2??é3éê??-?-?±
???ú??á?′ó??óDá?èy·??ó￡?o?è?ê§è￥á?3¤?a′ó??μ?D?è¤￡????a???|￡?μà￡o?°?T??è??D????￡?ê??a??￡??1ê??á??￡??ò????òa×?o?×?±?1¤×÷?￡o￡?üê?òa×?o?×÷??·?°?￡?ò?μ????ù?aê?￡???±?è?μ?ê¤à?￡?ò????°3ü￡?
???üê?ò2òa×?o?×?±??￡
ía??ê??-?-?±
?-?-
è?±??ú?ó?áòéμ±ììò??±3?D?μ?ííé???μ??à￡???óDμ?3??á??￡??íé￠?áá??￡?aê?àí?ùμ±è?μ?￡???óD??ê?1y?aà???￡?ì?±eê??aà?í·??é??ó￡?ê?2??é?ü×÷3??a?ù??òaμ????¨μ??￡
è?±??ú2????D1úμ?1??μ?êìa￡?ê???óD·???￡?ò2?í·??a?????é±e?￡μ?ê?￡?1úó?1ú?????¨óDà?ò??￡?a???é±e2?ê??′óú???D1úμ??D?éé?òaê2?′μ?￡??÷òaê?3?óú????±?1úà?ò?μ??????￡?T??è?±??ú?óè?o??ù??￡???ê??§è?×?à?ò???ò??￡è?1??Dè?μ?à?ò?ò???￡?×?è??á?×é?ó?o??￡?ú?tê?ò?êà?íμ??Dè?????￡?à?ò?3?í???′óóúo?×÷￡?á?1úo?×÷μ??é?üD??°?ù?′óDμ?μí?￡?????°óD?ù?ùòé￡?2?1yê?òò?a?ò??è?±?á?3?á?????óàμ?￡?è?±??ú?ó?ú?ù??è?o?μ?μ??ü?àà?ò???ò??￡
9??27è?íí19￡o45?￡
???ú?yò??ì2?×?1yì?êˉ?·￡???è??′2?μ????üμ??°??￡?μ???D??é????μ?è?ê?í￥?o￡???ì?êì?¤á?￡?×ü??μ?éùá?·???è?′ó??￡?è?±?μ?????ì??áD?á??￡???úoü?ì°???D÷×a??μ???·Y?üμ?é?￡????-?y3ˉμ?μ×ê?ê2?′òa??￡?°′è???ò?μ??μ·¨￡??-ê?oü?×?￡í?ó??ò1ú?á???￡è?1????á??μ??°￡?è??DDˉê?ò???￡?3?D????T￡?ê?2?3é?êìa?-?-?ˉ
??μ??aà?￡????úóDD?èè?a·Dìú￡?????ó￠?￠·¨???′°ì￡????????éê??a??1úμ?μ??ì?￡?a′?′ó???é??ê???o??ú?á￡??é?§á?￡?2?1y￡?ê?íòí?°?μ??ê?aoí?tê?òú1úà???à′μ??ú?T￡??a?′·??úμ??°?-?-o???￡??-?y3ˉ?1ìáμ?á?ì¨í?￡???ê?????2??é?üμ?￡?è?1??D1ú?a·??3D?DDòμ￡?è?±??ü1?×?óé?-éìμ??°￡?2??yê?è?±?????ò??óμ??e￡?μ?ê?￡?ì¨í?ê?è?±?áìíá2??é·???μ?ò?2?·?￡?????2??éò?????μ??￡è?1?￡??ò′eó|?????-?-?ˉ
???ú??μ?è???ò?????1ú???ˉμ???éù￡???μ?è???ò????úò22?′ó?ò??1ú￡???μ??-?-
???ú′òá???à?2ü￡????¨o???ì¨í??êìa?￡2?1y￡??ü2??ü?±?óμ?μ??3D?DDòμμ??a·???￡????ú2???YY?eà′?￡μ?ê?￡???μ?·??ú?ú?T￡????áêüμ?μ??1á|￡??aè????úóDD?D?·3òa?ò￡???2?μ?2??ú??μ???á?ò??á￡?à′???2×??oμ?D?D÷?￡
???ú??μ???μ?à?ê|￡?è?±??aà?×üí·??é??óóD??μ?ê±oò￡???1yíí°?μ?￡????ú??ía￡?ìyμ?á?×ù?ó±¨ê±μ?éùò??￡
???ú1§1§?′?′μ???à?ê|DDá?à?￡?é??ó2???ê???μ?à?ê|￡?ò2ê?3¤?Y?éμ?áìD?è???￡??÷?×è?±??t???à?ê￡??T??è?o?￡???óé2?μ???μ??y?￡è?oó￡????úó??ò×??úò???μ?ì??Dò?ò?￡?′òá????Do??￡D??D°μμà￡o??à?ê|1?è?oü3è?aD?×ó￡??a?′ííá?￡??1′y?ú?a?ù?￡?ˉ
ì??D±??????úDDà?￡?±??aêíμà￡o?°?ò?ú?D1ú??2ì??à′￡??íμ??aà?à′2?·1à′á??￡?ò?1óDê??éòa°ì￡??íê§à?á?￡??ò?è??′?á??￡?±